Maryland State Of Mind; 103

Coming up on a Maryland state of mind. Ruth down the information superhighway. And see how the Internet is being transformed into the virtual campus. Deborah the battle plan. Modern medicine is devising to combat a deadly new viruses that are threatening our future. And see how hyper media is supercharging the written word. Adding power to the page and forever evolving beyond the book. Join us as we travel to the front yard of knowledge with the University of Maryland system as our guide. With. Her along it's. With us. With. The. Funding for this is made possible by the

University of Maryland system. Additional funding provided by IBS. Us. Hello and welcome the Maryland state of mind. I'm your host Scott Simon. Today's modern university is an incredible fusion of talent of scientists engineers doctors lawyers artists and students just to name a few. All of them working to expand our knowledge of this increasingly complex world. The University of Maryland system is just such a place and tonight we explore some of the fascinating advances being made at this leading educational center. Do you know it is sometimes still astounding to know how many things can travel through a piece of wire just like this. Pictures texts music now that the Internet is beginning to shrink the world down to our desktops it was only a matter of time until this power was harnessed for more formal education at

the University of Maryland systems University Colleges created the virtual campus allowing students anywhere on earth to absorb their wisdom through a wire. The Internet. Is just a bustling inner city that allows gathering. Nation search. Will. Turn on a computer. They sign. On to a system. And say. They say. That where my heart. And then I get someplace where we'll hear from for. Sure. And I'm not sure how they got. The information superhighway is in its infancy but is already revolutionizing

our world. The Internet users are finding sources of information once available only to scientists and workers on government projects. Students and professors within the University of Maryland system are at the cutting edge of this emerging technology. Setting up a statewide library system called sale or. Opening doorways to video and music by setting up a mosaic server. Collaborating on books through the Internet and downloading images from space. To start typo. None of these achievements unthinkable less than a decade ago is more promising then kind of go on operating software that simplifies student access to the Internet. After the Tyco systems. Presents. The software.

And the system. And I get my take on mentoring. Here I can attend conferences or look at my email or go out on the Internet and use in the distance learning area of the University of Maryland University College Tycho was an idea whose time had come. The option to have a home integrated instructional management system where students can move from interacting with a faculty member and fellow students in a study group to going to do library research over the Internet and to come back and talk to a tutor about a writing problem they have was just really just a wonderful combination of resources and time and technology. Obl. it was Tycho when opened offers nine icons or buildings to enter on its virtual campus. Entering the library. Students can roam the university catalog and others around the country. Student Services allow users to register for

classes get financial aid and receive career counseling and tutoring. Mix these choices and others with the ability to attend a class and Tycho becomes a powerful new concept. Many believe this concept will fundamentally transform higher education. The idea was to give students the opportunity to have as many of the experiences that they could have in a traditional classroom with fear they added advantage of giving them easier access to send papers to their instructor or share information with students. Despite the distances involved you can just put it into voice mail for me. OK thank you very much. I got married at a high school so I delayed going to college and I waited until my daughter was an adult. I'm now working as an administrative assistant and there's just nowhere to go without that degree.

The proven works that cryo Medical Sciences in Rockville. She participated in the pilot program of Tycho and is a typical university college student. Older working and very busy. The only requirement was that you had your assignments in on time. That's more freedom than you could ever imagine and you know on the other classes I've taken it's a little more pressure when you know you have to be in a classroom every week if you get sick you're going to miss an informational you have to go through the problem of getting notes from another classmate. If you have a schedule conflict if you have a particularly busy job where you have to travel taking an open learning classmate all that is very possible you can't fall behind. I feel like. To be honest with you I learned more. In this format than I have in some classroom formats. You can do this when you're not tired most of the classes I take are from seven to 10 after working all day. So with this class I could do it at my leisure. When I felt like I had the energy and

the time to pay full attention to it with. Lethal Poon is not the only one with a busy schedule at University College. Ask Cathy to to Zio a computer programmer for Pepco. She starts her day at 5 a.m. and has done a full day's work by 4:15. Then she has to pick up her 2 year old daughter. Some are OK. We go home and try to get her something to eat. She's starving and i get our dinner started and ready and then after dinner. I guess I spend a lot of my time when I'm taking classes trying to fulfill the reading requirements or in this case I was playing on Tycho quite a bit. She's in bed usually by 9:30 and we try to hit by 10 ourselves. Then it's like that pretty much five days a week with my husband taking classes and me taking classes. We work

to do homework and try to spend as much time as we possibly can with your own. This is where I could turn in my assignments on Mon. I actually had turn in Simon number 3 on Mon. You get selected again and so you never view it. This is actual view of it was a paper I had about using Victor. And the teacher looked at it and had a response back to me within the same day. And this is the response. I don't need the discipline of attending a class to turn in assignments and to get my writing assignments and things like that. Being at home and spending that time with my daughter is way more important to me. Tycho will be expanded to more and more distance education classes at University College in time it will be offered systemwide initiating a new era of

education at the University of Maryland system. Some people believe that. They get it in in 50 years 100 years that there will only be two major styles of university left. That are brick and mortar. And the others will be doing things more and more through distance education and using the information superhighway and tools like. Modern medicine is a critical line of defense between man and disease. Some of man's greatest scourge is smallpox polio typhoid have been held at

bay if not eliminated. But this medical barricade is under siege by an escalating number of microbes that no longer respond to the current arsenal of antibiotics and vaccines. So the development of new vaccines has become paramount in man's battle against disease. Now let's go inside the University of Maryland in Baltimore a center for vaccine development and examine the front lines of defense in microbe wars. How do you know for sure you can change the lighting chip. In the 1971 science fiction thriller The A dramatist strain a mysterious killer microbe from outer space invaded or. The effect of this diabolical space germ was devastating and contact with it meant instant death. But in the end it came as no surprise that medical science was able to save the day

and civilization. We don't know why it may have actually. Of course we weren't after all the drama distrain debuted at a time when medical science was declaring victory in the battle against infectious disease old enemies of health care like cholera and tuberculosis for example with ought to be in full retreat. Thanks to wonder drugs like penicillin and other antibiotics but today scientists are not so confident. New threats from deadly viruses and bacteria are emerging and spreading rapidly in parts of the world. Now the battle against infectious disease has escalated to an all out war. For centuries one of Medicine's Greatest weapons against infectious disease has been prevented the vaccine and the 1050 used the same vaccine developed by Dr. Jonas Salk prevented the debilitating effects of polio and demonstrated the

dramatic effect Indian ization treatment could have. Today vaccines are part of a wide range of therapies in the battle against new infectious diseases. At the University of Maryland at Baltimore center for vaccine development a team of scientists and physicians are leading the fight to improve vaccines and immunization systems in the U.S. and around the world. Vaccines constitute the greatest preventive measure and Prevention is the best way to to deal with disease protection of our bodies against pathogens or infectious disease begin with our immune system. A natural arsenal of defensive white blood cells called phagocytes and antibodies that protect healthy cells. Vaccines work by stimulating the body's immune system so that if the body has first as previously seen a critical Abidjan or some surface features say of a bacteria viruses it remembers that it has seen that before and a Korean car up in our military and our defenses and not respond to that new infection.

But even this plan of attack doesn't always work on pathogens. So far the AIDS virus has resisted vaccines but it's not the only one. There's a long list of old ailments that have mutated to form new threats some even more deadly than HIV. One that we have some worry about. Is the possibility of the parents in Maryland and possible transmission of a multiple of the resistant. Bacteria that causes tuberculosis. This has appeared in other parts of the USA in particular and in New York wherever AIDS is a big problem. If this type of TB bacteria. Gets into the HIV infected population This presents us with with a real problem. This has not become an important problem yet but it's something that we do have some concern about. There are reports of diseases that are far more gruesome than any recently experienced by

man and the novel The Hot Zone. The Ebola virus is a deadly killer that causes the body's organs to quickly dissolve. The nonfiction bestseller tells how the virus emerged from its remote jungle habitat and was involved in a near catastrophe in 1909. And Ebola infected monkey nearly escaped from a lab in Virginia. Scientists contend the bowl is not a threat in the U.S. but the prospect of such a lethal disease is chilling. Something like the Marburg or Ebola virus is not so immediate a threat. So the host has a whole spectrum of potential problems due to infectious agents in some cases it has been over some social laws such as the flesh eating bacteria and the tabloids have picked up on. That's a bit that's quite overblown actually. What's not overblown is the threat of old diseases once thought to be wiped out by medical science. Each year familiar diseases like cholera typhoid fever and malaria kill millions of people around the world to combat this. The Center for vaccine development is conducting extensive research not only on new vaccines

but on improved ways to deliver these lifesaving drugs. Much of that research is made possible with the use of a flow cytometry. This device uses laser technology to isolate and analyze cell make up and function. But not all research is done with high technology. We wait to see you. However. The time mosquito is a primary carrier of malaria. In many countries malaria kills millions of people each year. Thousands of mosquitoes are grown and studied at the CBD insect every last. Bit is so important to ECT. That if. They. Take the essay you're going to get a seat. At the church. Where a couple of phases of vaccine testing that we do here. And the first in the most simple is to determine whether the experimental vaccine is

safe. In Baltimore volunteers and to determine whether they develop an immune response to the vaccine. If you can demonstrate safety. In. In our research isolation ward and then rapidly do what we call a challenge study to actually demonstrate that the vaccine works and that greatly accelerates the vaccines potential for further development through this process many types of vaccines are tested at the CBD and made ready for use in Baltimore and throughout the world. We have other studies involved in looking at vaccine response in the very young and also in a very old in terms of response to those vaccines. And this is an addition. To our work in countries such as Chile and Indonesia which are doing large scale evaluations of vaccines in those countries. We certainly have tools to develop vaccines that we didn't have 25 years ago that's the best news. And I firmly believe that if we commit the resources we can and prepare a vaccine against almost

any infectious agent. My. Eye. The problems of our inner cities often seem insurmountable. One didn't look any further than the eyes of the children to sense the toll that drugs and violence and poverty have exacted. But a new program begun at the Shriver Center located at the University of Maryland Baltimore County is offering great hope college students there have become mentors to children who are at risk and they try to guide their footsteps down the path of life. For these students are learning a lesson in life's realities and truly are meeting the challenge. It's 9 o'clock on a cold December night and 25 year old Antwan Lewis is cruising some bleak streets of Southwest Baltimore drunk slouch in

doorways and out of the streetlights glare dealers surreptitiously dispense drugs. This is no place for kids to be hanging out. And part of Anton's job is to make sure they're home and otherwise toeing the line. When I tell her you know. And one is a caseworker for the choice program a groundbreaking effort to reach young people who have started down the wrong path. Youngsters are referred to choice by juvenile services and other state agencies. Most have had a brush with the law or serious problems at home or in school. But instead of locking them up choice keeps them at home. And in an innovative twist it pairs them up with recent college graduates who try to provide what's missing in many of their lives. Attention caring and firm guidance. In these case workers who are recruited from colleges around the country commit to work for just a year earning only about $17000.

Choice is run by the University of Maryland Baltimore County s Shriver Center which is dedicated to focusing university resources on problems of the city. The backbone of the church. Choice service model is intensive supervision which means multiple face to face contact between the caseworker and the youth. Three to five times a day each and every day seven days a week 365 days a year. At choices three field offices in the Baltimore Washington area. The day starts with a client rundown. Each caseworker is responsible for up to 10 youngsters aged nine to 17 and works as part of a team to provide round the clock supervision. Because I would have caseworkers spend the rest of the morning visiting schools to check attendance. To Michelle Matthews who has a B.A. in

psychology pulls Maurice out of class to find out why he was late. Because somebody else was late. Or had to leave. After school caseworkers drop in on their clients at home to see how things are going and coordinate with the parents or guardians. Sixteen year old Maurice who is on probation initially resented caseworkers efforts to track his comings and goings. But I guess I got used to it. Caseworkers also take turns handling night duty. While this might seem risky because the program so well known in the neighborhoods where it operates choice workers say they're rarely hassled. The point of this day and night supervision is to encourage small but important shifts in behavior and attitude. We know the child doesn't get up to get to school in the morning. That child's not going to do well in school. We know the child is out late at night. The child is going to

tend to have that affect the rest of their their daily activities. What choice does more than provide around the clock. Caseworkers also link children up with needed services like doctors psychologists or addiction counselors and they work closely with parents to improve family functioning. When we had a problem or something she didn't come home in a way they were right there. Because behavior problems often stemmed from academic difficulties. Two nights a week choice take selected youngsters to UN b c College Park or Loyola for a one on one tutoring with college students. And I like that we never had to. See. Where we can take down Milo where does half our. Sunday play basketball of the day they go to the game. Another strategy for keeping kids out of trouble is to boost job skills. Joyce

runs a job preparation class developed at u m b c and in the summer gives teens real world experience in a food drink concession at Camden Yards. Joyce keeps up this intensive involvement with each client for only about six months. But that's long enough to steer many on a different path. Tennis is better. They work hard in the class. I have less problems. In fact according to one study arrest rates dropped by half while youngsters were in the program and kids stayed out of trouble for at least six months afterwards. That kind of change is rarely achieved by locking kids up. I don't think anywhere you look or any research that has been done shows that locking them up helps anything or cures and I think or makes anything better. In fact research has shown just the contrary. Plus choice is cheaper. Six to seven thousand dollars per child per year

compared with 30 to $60000 for residential treatment. The six year old program has been so successful that the Shriver Center recently launched a spin off instead of delinquent youth. This program targets middle school children at risk of dropping out. The goal with middle school intervention is to help students before patterns of failure are so entrenched and deeply fat they're almost impossible to change. Case workers in Baltimore Prince George's Washington and Cecil counties focus on getting kids to school tutoring them and getting parents more involved in their child's education. That's why a lot of difference is grades are up by at least two grade levels. His attitude about going to school when going to tutoring and you know he has attitude here at home. The strings are not all children make this kind of turnaround. Many a nice home. And. To.

Think. You know children who really don't understand. Why you might be a little don't want to because you want to prove what choices had enough success that it's being looked at as a national model for stemming delinquency and dropout. The program secret is simple. In a time of family and community breakdown troubled kids find someone who takes time to listen and to care. Time. Sixty seconds per minute 60 minutes to the hour 24 hours to the day rich or poor time is the great equalizer. No one gets more no one gets less. How do we spend this precious commodity for John Robinson at the University of Maryland College Park the role that time plays in our lives amounts to an

obsession how we use it where we spend it how we squander it. He knows all for he's taken the time to do the ultimate tally. It's about time. Time sometimes called the Fourth Dimension. But certainly it's one dimension We've never quite understood. And then has always been fascinated by time. Fantasizing of travelling through it. Dreaming of perhaps altering the future or rewriting the past. In the bars. Of course in reality.

We have study time mostly to improve a widget or a gadget on the production line of our material world. But when it comes down to the more common uses of time grooming eating sleeping cleaning. A few researchers have given this time much time at all. But it's how we spend most of our lives. This is I think John Robinson a sociologist at the University of Maryland College Park recognizes the gap in this type of research over 30 years ago. So we began the American use of time project in 1965. The currency for sociology should be time in the same way that money would be for something that economists use understand behavior. To tell several have an idea of how people spend money but they don't provide a lot in the way of any kind of theorizing or structure about the way in which people spend time. It appeared that this was something that could give us an insight into the way in which people's lives are

structured. And then we've I think come up with some very counterintuitive results. For example most people asked whether they have a three hundred and five years ago. But Robinson's last survey of 5000 Americans indicates that while we may feel that we have less free time we actually have about as much free time as we did 30 years ago. What's happened he says is that all of those labor saving devices of the past several decades have resulted in time savings but we have simply chosen to use that savings doing something else. For example I want to get an automobile you have an opportunity to be able to travel. Roger distance is short a lot of time. So what do we have in that particular case is that people take the time for games that are possible with the new technology got built and move further away from a place of work or further away from the center of the city and of course we know the washing machine had to say real time in our lives. Right now I want you to be bringing what you had.

Now wait a minute. How much you get your electric dryer. You have a washing machine and what you do is increase your wardrobe and maybe change your clothes more often and thereby subverting any kind of typesetting. Yeah but maybe the dishwasher in the kitchen that had to save some time didn't hang around here. And a dishwasher that hot. Well you could probably put your hand sure that makes the dishes hygenic make right. Can't compare with anything. People use whatever type settings or valves in that order to subvert that by washing dishes fairly thoroughly by have basically getting almost as clean as they did before they got the dishwasher. When it comes to the work week Robinson has found contrary to popular belief that most Americans still work about 40 hours a week.

The perception that we're all overworked is primarily due to one major group very bloggers who are a live report from the population who are now going through that particular the most rushed and frantic crew arrives when job commitments are greatest on family commitments are greatest in a marriage that even those groups who are the most even though they feel more stressed more harassment. You know. They have less time for the differences and harder still there's those groups still have more free time. And 1085 than 1965. But we don't feel so stressed so rushed. You're saying it's not due to let's be tolerant. I think that there's a separate file A. Large part of the of there that we have documentary evidence. That. Indicates that people feel more stressed today than they had to sort of the increasing stress levels. Historically there's also a feeling. Of being rushed. Has increased over time. Stress comes from a number of different factors. So time is only part of it.

All right so you say we really have more free time in our lives. Where is it going. We ducked out of the city I was changing the 1965 people here. Right. Increased or continuing and the increase in TV viewing is almost exactly in the news matched by the thought of extra free time at the headers. So basically whether then the kinds of activities people said they would do if they had more fertile available which usually files in the other friends are giving the other family those and don't turn out to be the case is that when people have the extra free time favorable to tell others. So let me get this straight if I want more free time I have to turn off this too. But wait a minute. It's kind of interesting. I mean it's like come on maybe the next show I'll turn that off. Thanks. Because. We're at a time. Knowledge has been traditionally passed down through the ages in this handy

convenient format ink on paper. But today there are also many new ways in which to store information their compact discs hard drives magnetic tape. Now the written word can be interwoven with sound and pictures and the results are often quite stunning. At the University of Baltimore is publication design program a new discipline is developing as students and teachers learn how to integrate these diverse media suggesting someday we might say the hyper medium is the message. Back to school is hard. Gerard little realizing that yet did not get it. Today's powerful personal computers are giving us a new take on the centuries old piece of technology. The book The electronic pages of the game

Myst depict a surreal reality. But it's up to the player to discover clue as and construct their own story. This electronic page brings an actual surgical procedure right to a medical students desktop a few from fact to fiction. The new world of hyper media promises unlimited opportunity for interactive publications. At the University of Baltimore's Institute for language technology and publications design students and faculty are exploring the possibilities of this new media. For the first program to integrate technology with the teaching of writing in design we have on the faculty teachers of writing. We have designers videographers people who have had practice in publications management. So we teach the total spectrum. And we now are building into our program. How do we start

to think and write and design in electronic environments. What you see is now an electronic page. This is something like an electronic book. The word stay in one place. There aren't animations or. Figures running around the page or anything like that. And the reading experience is much like what you get in a book except that there are. At least two ways to read here. You could follow the More button. And simply turn the page as it were. Or you could follow one of these indicated links and depart from that sequence and jump across something else. What hyper media allows us to do is it allows us to bring together a number of different mediums at the same time. It's not merely that you are reading a text. Now you may see visual material. You can hear you can see it in motion. One of the things that has been exciting about this program because of its strangeness its uniqueness its its combination

of different skills designers writers people interested in technologies that attracts a wide range of students. For example we had a student whose background was too large to be engineering. This is an example of 19th century hyper media. Using these pairs of stereo images with the text above and the stereo up to come. You are. A 19th century medical student could visualize and understand the spatial relationships of the thoracic cavity. This is hyper media now. This was produced by the digital anatomist program at the University of Washington. School of Medicine in Seattle and essentially this represents a real body a real cadaver that was sectioned slice by slice digitized and polarized. And they. Put those out to laser this to create a library of laser disks on three dimensional anatomy.

This represents an actual medical imaging scan of a living patient. All of this is taking place during the course of the image in the patient's heart is beating which is right here. The heart itself is resting on the diaphragm under which is the liver. The exhibits we've been watching are examples of some of the visual design components that we can put into a knowledge base. A knowledge engineer. Is able to sit with a domain expert someone who is expert in their field whatever it might be it might be anatomy and might be auto mechanics might be graphic design and find out. What that person knows that makes their knowledge useful. The knowledge engineer then can then figure out how to design a knowledge base which is a computerized database with sufficient information so that if a user comes up to such a database and uses it they have access to that expert's knowledge as though they were sitting there talking with the expert in print publications.

Once you design something it's static. You select your design components pictures diagrams text and perhaps references between them and you lay them out in pages. No using computers you can actually vary those design parameters interactively with computers allow you to do is click on a word or choose from a menu or click on an image and get to the information extremely quickly. Since you are now able to navigate in many more ways through a computerized document than you would through a print document. What's the best way to design the interface which is really like designing a publication a print publication to some extent. How do you design that aesthetically. So it will be pleasing to a person and achieves the goal of the publication. That's what they they are teaching over there and that's what I've been trying to apply with some success here in the biomedical arena. This was the first program that launched me in multimedia and by the mothers of the center the lines

point to elements you can click on. This is an example of the kidney. If you click on something that's colored it will take you to an actual histological shot. So we extended those. And we now have a general front end called ProMED theos. And you can see. How. The image based application has evolved. You go to. A particular kind of tissue like epithelial tissue. And here you have the same button bar arrangement but now. You have miniatures of all the elements. And in order to get to one you click on it. Additionally you can actually use the computer to enunciate text. I'm 14. I had known that. Years ago in order to learn cardiovascular physic physiology firsthand. Students would go into laboratories and there they'd be tutored through experiments with living out of moles such as dogs. Dogs would undergo surgery they place catheters in the dog.

So in effect this is meant to replace that experience. By clicking the cardiac function. You get not only. The digital. Experience of the actual surgery. This is the actual surgical placement. I would transducer. And this is a simulation. Of the heart. And you can manipulate. Various parameters concerning the heart. You can even turn on of anomalies rather than capitalizing the poor animal. And give it a drugs to effect its heart rate. You can simulate this numerically with a computer program the skull itself is extremely difficult to learn at first. Everything here is that we are working on methods to integrate hypertext in with a three dimensional model like this and you'll be able to zoom in zoom out and eventually with virtual reality they will be able to walk through the school and see things labeled as you walk by them.

It's an exciting time and it may be the beginning of a very new kind of cultural environment. We are in many ways always what's going on with hyper media world but it's normally in our own head. We're constantly jumping from one text to another text from one memory to another memory which reminds us of another memory. That's the world we have always lived. This technology just allows us to put these things together. How do we learn to think. Not just to memorize but to analyze conclude to think. At Coppin State Colleges center for thinking studies teachers are exploring innovative methods of teaching critical and creative thinking skills not only to children but to teachers and to parents. The

youngsters seem to love it so much in fact that they spend their Saturdays learning to think and thinking to learn. A. It's 9 o'clock Saturday morning and time for school. Age good looking age you're right. Coming. Back was there was no no. It might be an occasional struggle for their parents but once these kids arrive for Saturday's school they take little time to get with the program. What was the question we had to deal with here. What makes this happen right. All right you have a theory go for it. Go see the program is the Maryland Center for thinking studies the brain child of Dr. Tony Worsham a cop in State College. He or she and a staff of dedicated super teachers are breaking new ground in the ways to teach kids how to be better thinkers. From birth to death a human being is capable of several trillion thought

patterns and the most of us experience two to three billion. And so there's a considerable gap between potential and reality. What do you think they might be thinking. Going to get married. Or what else might they have in their minds as they think about that. Leave. Anything else for a long time we have look at education as the basic skills reading writing and arithmetic while they are all very important those academic skills. That is only the beginning of what human beings need to be able to bring to real life situations depending on their choice of career or profession. Well what's happening in your mind. The students come from grades 4 through 9. There is no trick no magic pill that makes them into better thinkers. It's simply hard work under the firm gaze of a seasoned teaching professional like Sally Duff. To make productive thinkers of our students and happy people. This is the way to get productive thinkers and happy people.

These newspaper articles are not real. Tom Payne does this by challenging his students to search for their own answers. Take a very close look at exactly what it is that they say whether or not what they're saying is valid whether it's biased and whether it's true or false. Today's assignment evaluate and judge each statement in every source within a news report on the debate over a proposed city ordinance restricting video arcades linking game addiction with stealing. It is not unique to you but it could be true. The way his name is we're not sure whether it could be considered like name saturation or use clean meaning to leave it as it is and to claim you said the same and you're saying no it won't have an effect on their life when they get older students and young people are constantly bombarded with information and being able to look at newspaper articles being a look at advertising being able to interact with other individuals and decide what is valid and being able to know how well you do that is as important as what we're trying

to get out here and this particular lesson that we did today. By most measures Danny is a typical ninth grader with an aptitude for music and a talent for some subjects more than others. He is aware that a few years of Saturday school at the Center for thinking studies has improved his mind and his grades. Arts I say are really using it to help me I have to study a little more and I used to. And. Kind of makes some stuff a little more interesting. It's not just for school it's for everyday life that's all I wanted to be able to think logically critically to analyze situations to try to make the best decision. That is just part of what Dr. Worsham his program hopes to accomplish and what you have to know facts before you can take the facts make them your own and recast them in some meaningful way. But the questions are higher level. What if and how calm and explain and develop and justify rather than

regurgitate and repeat and memorize and summarize and write it down. Danny would put it this way. You know discovering an idea the second step is. Thinking about how you're going to communicate it. And. Think about consequences what's going to happen after you you know do your idea. And how it's going to help you or. What's kind of. What you know it's about that equation. I really like the problem I think it's very challenging for the Cory as an eighth grade student he's making the transition from elementary to senior high and I think it's important to get that comprehensive critical analysis. Did you say eighth grader to cari Glover usually takes his time before he pipes up with answers. But when he does he's usually right and equally important he knows why. I think more fairly. I don't like just basic answers. I would recommend it because it's a fun way of learning.

Thinking is hard work. But all human beings. Have an intrinsic need. To succeed through thought. And when they start tasting that it's very sweet in their heart. That's exactly what happened to Salvatore Watkins a graduate of the center and a junior at Baltimore's Western High School where her thinking skills are put to the test in this honors physics class. That has to be what's more important than thinking and everyone can think. But. To know how well you think and to improve upon your thinking that's something different and that's what Salvatore sees as she helps today's students think better. They're so enthusiastic that the lesser grades they're just tired and they're trying so hard to get the right answer and and when they do they feel so happy and they know that they're learning something and that's good. What kinds of thinking skills the children have to be able to use effectively in order to succeed in school and succeed for a life top cop and state share Is it school for thought with the rest of Maryland holding workshops for teachers and bringing its own students into the

classroom to learn how it's done. And more importantly why once a teacher learns to teach this way he or she never goes back to the other way and the students don't want to either. That's been Linda Adamson's experience. Maryland's 1994 teacher of the year taught at the Center for thinking studies for four years. I'm an elementary teacher and so I teach everything and I find that there is no one area of teaching that what is done here is not extremely powerful. I'd like to hear from a group. With regard to your opinion it is the power of the mind to grasp and manipulate the world of information in so many useful ways. OK unfasten please now we make plans just because a person is credible does not mean that what they say is credible. When they begin to realize what they're doing. That's what makes it magical. In today's competitive marketplace regular product innovation is essential even

critical for survival. But many small companies even large companies often lack the resources or the expertise to bring a new idea to fruition. To give them that edge the Maryland industrial partnerships program links businesses with the expertise of the University of Maryland system and this alliance often produces a better mousetrap. Americans have long reveled in the spirit of inventiveness throughout the history of the country inventors have conceived developed and marketed new products always with the hope of improving humankind or at least making a quick buck. Today Maryland businesses that need help with product development can turn to an innovative University of Maryland system program called Maryland industrial partnerships or MIPS for short. In unique custom fit partnerships University faculty and staff work directly with industry. And through these partnerships businesses can benefit from reduced cost access to research and testing facilities.

Office Space and clerical personnel. This decade old program is designed to help Maryland's economy grow. One company that is teamed up with hips is now soaring to new heights of aviation technology. Throughout history aviation has been a difficult demanding and often dangerous task. When the Wright brothers took to the skies in their revolutionary aircraft the world was forever changed. While improvements in aircraft have been made continuously since that. The basic wing design would remain constant until now. Today three wing aerial robotics company is receiving worldwide recognition for their cutting edge airplane wing design. The free wind is really a whole new way of doing it things. And it is based on a we that is hinged instead of being bolted on the fuses and therefore it's had to rotate freely. Now the advantages are

many of the basic ones are that the airplane is insensitive to children and it is stable. It can install which way is when at the case when they say a wing stall when they the wing doesn't producing more lift. The idea behind the free wing is quite simple. When in flight the wings constantly adjust to changes in air speed and direction allowing the body of the plane to remain steady. In contrast the fixed wings of today's aircraft are by definition immobile. Therefore when the plane hits a pocket of turbulence the craft wings and all is forced up and down with the currents of air. In the forseeable future air travelers may see the freewheeling design used on commercial aircraft but applying these technologies takes much research and testing which is where Dr. jewel Barlow comes in. We are introducing. A.

Type of airplane that is different from the any that presently exist. And so one of the things that you have to do. Is carry out the basic testing. That corroborate whether or not the concept is in fact. As useful as. That. Tours. Have. Intellectually conceived them. What it is worth. Small Business Administration maintains and this. Is the most important innovation some of the century. We are number eighty six and that was a very important mission for us. Cleaner hair is the ultimate goal of another MIPS partner. Lean power was recently recognized by the Environmental Protection Agency as a company that could help alleviate air pollution around the world. What we have here is a emissions control system. On a single computer chip that we've designed. This computer chip can reduce emissions from spark ignition engine by about half 50 percent.

It can also save fuel in this kind of application. It will. The allow the car to pass a new tougher. Emissions test that many states are putting in place including the state of Maryland. Emissions testing was the government's way to curb air pollution caused by cars and trucks. But some of the dirtiest engines in use are not on our highways. Farmers are among the dirtiest of small engines of the earth that exist today are typical of a lawnmower run for one hour. Puts out as much emissions. As a car driven 400 miles. As with Freeway lead power relies heavily on the results of tests performed right on campus. Dr. Ashwani Gupta is the principal faculty researcher working with lean power he has developed a see through engine chamber a device critical in a lean power's research. You cannot do anything. Unless you know what the inside prostheses understanding of the end what the processes are going on inside the engine. So what we're doing is to non inclusively

examine the phenomenon inside the engine so we know exactly how much emissions are formed and. Made in the combustion chamber and they are important because that's what he's coming out of the tail end. It's the first time that emissions control and the ability to save fuel have been combined into a single into a single technology not all of the companies with MIPS partnerships are small start up companies working on a new highly technical applications. Some are well-established businesses like Master Power located in Westminster. Master power design and manufacturers and distributes the high quality industrial pneumatic Politan holes on your magic tools or tools that are powered by compressed air. About. Three or four years ago we ran a hole for a small room. Will. You Matt Pollard back in when you know that. It was being produced in Japan. Wordsworth added the product to his line. But some of his customers had difficulties with the overseas design.

So we asked the manufacturer. In Japan to make some minor modifications on it. They were completely on a willing to do anything in terms of trying to accommodate our own needs. So we began to look around for alternatives. Master power eventually decided to produce and market their own vacuum cleaner. We did not possess inhales of the skills we thought necessary develop one of these from scratch. And about that time I we became. Aware of the MIPS program at University of Maryland. We contacted the doctor in the gray up at the university. He helped us write a proposal together with MIPS Master Power successfully attained their redesign goals. Results were very good we actually doubled the performance. We made extremely quiet in operation and we actually have the cost of the big winner according to our word's worth is the state of Maryland the university partnership with Master Power Health a Maryland company go from buying overseas products to

manufacturing a product and selling it to five other nations. We hope you've enjoyed our tour through the labs in the classrooms of one of Maryland's greatest educational assets. There is much more work in progress to be discovered and will be back in a few months for another look at the frontiers of knowledge with the University of Maryland system as our guide. Thank you for watching. For Maryland state of mind I'm Scott Simon. Good night. Good. Funding with them is made possible by the 13 of the University of

Maryland system. Additional funding for the other guy. I dunno. If you would like additional information. Or have comments about any of the stories featured in the Maryland state of mind. Please call 3 0 1 4 4 5 2 7 4 0.